Valve mechanism for intebstaii-combtjstion engines



I A a-i123, 1929. A P. BRUSH 1,110,291

VALVE IECHANISH' FOR INTERNAL CONBUSTION ENGINES Filed Dec. 23. 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Q W 7 j 0 T 5; agpfl y flZwmsvn 225926672 VW Q April 23, 1929.

A. P. BRUSH 1,710,291

VALVE MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Dec. 23, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Q, gumtm. Ziazswz 215%;37;

April 23,1929. A. P. BRUSH VALVE IHOHANISI FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Dec. 25. 1926 s Sheets-Sheet 3 MINIM w k x. Q

Patented Apr. 23, 1929 UNITED STATES ALANSON P. BRUSH, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

VALVE MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed December 23, 13326.

[the invention relates to valve mechanism for internal combustion engines and has for its principal object the obtaining ot a simple construction for obtaining properly timed operation of the valves without the use of the usual cam shalt.

.lt is a further object to accomplish this result by a substantially harn'iouically reciprocating lllGtlllttlllE-illl actuated by a crank or eccentric together with means for translating this harmonic movement into an intern'iittei'it and properly timed. operation of the valve.

Other objects are the provision of means of adjustment for elin'iinating noise such adj ustment having a negligil re ctlect on the timing also a simple means lor permitting continuous motion of the reciprocating mecha nism directly actuated by the crank while cllccting the movement of the valve only during a limited portion of the cycle.

With those and other objects in view the invention consists in the crmstruction as hereina titer set iliorth.

In the drawings:

Figure l a vertical section through an internal combustion engine taken in the plane oi the reciprocating valve actuating rod.

lligiu'es 2, 5, and 4: are side elevations of the travelling fulcrum lever showing the same in dilicrcnt positions of adjustment.

Figure 5 is a plan view of this lover.

The internal combustion engine to which my improvement is applied .may be oit any suitable construction but preferably of the va ve in the head type. as illustrated A is the cylinder having a detachable head B pro vided with intake and exhaust passages formed therein such as C. l) is one of the valves for closing the entrance port to the cylinder from the passage C and E is the valve stem extending outward through the head. This stem is provided with the usual collar F engaged by the spring G for returning the valve to its seat.

The valve actuating mechanism comprises a crank or eccentric shaft H driven from the engine crank shaft I by suitable gearing (not shown) giving a two to one ratio. Cranks or eccentrics J on the shaft H are connected by pitman rods K to reciprocatory rods L slidably engaging bearings in the engine block and extending upward through the head. The upper end of each rod preferably pro vided with an adjustable extension M which, a shown, has a threaded engagement with the rod L and is locked in adj ustcd position by the with the surilace of the member (Q. The

Serial No. 158,653.

nut M. To the upper end of the extension M is pivotally attached at N a rocker lever U the tree end of which is provided with an anti-friction roller l? restii'ig upon the upper end oi? the valve stem E. i I v To obtain the desired intermittent actuation 01'? the valve D the rocker t) constitutes a travelling fulcrum lever which cooperates with a bearing member Q arranged thereabove. The member Q, is preterably provided on its under side with. atlat or straight surface and the men'iber O has its upper surface so fashioned that durii portion of the cycle o the crank shaft ll it will rock in contact shioned siu'ilace is also oil? such a character tl it in the initial position of the movement of the valve the fulcrum or bearing point oi this suriace is located adjacent to the axis ot the valve stem lil while during the :nibsequent rocking movement of the member 0 the tl'ulcrum travels outward towards the end pivotally connected at N to the member M. his has the effect of a low velocity opening and closing movement of the valve with positive and negative acceleration respectively during the opening and closing movements.

As has been stated the valve D remains sta: tioi'iary during the greater portion oi? the cycle of the crank ll. During this interval the rocker O is out of contact with the member Q and the continuous movement oi? the rod li merely changes the an ac ot the member l) and causes a short travelling movement of the roller P over the upper end or the valve stem E. This tree n'iovemcnt is obtained by pro 'viding a clearance on the hub of the rocker O in which the roller P is journaled-such clearance being indicated at l t. The clearance preferably extends to a point on the/ lever side of the axis of the roll P at which point the main are S oi the cam portion of the lever 0 starts. At the end of this main arc is a tangent are i" of smaller radius which contacts withthe surface oil the member (13 in the full open position of the valve. Adjustn'ient of the tiinin may be effected by the lengthen ing or shortening of the extension M of the rod L through its threaded connection there with.

To assist in the initial setting of the valve .rnechanism and also to provide for adjustment to eliminate noise, the member Q is provided with means for slightly raising or lowering the same. As shown one end of this lever is mounted upon a shalt '1 jour- 7 very slight additional clearance.

ured from the'pos tion shown in Figure 2 and back a 'ain to the aosrtionshown in, l ll'enre 2.

in u:

. clfirring at the point B "and then trave naled in' bearings .in a bracket ineinber T mounted on the head B. The opposite end of the i'neniber Q is adjustably secured to a post U the latter being threaded at its upper end and passing tl'irough an eye in the member Q While lock nuts U above and below said member serve to hold the same in any desired I position of adjustment. Thus the undersurface of the member Q may be so positioned in relation to the lever O that While permitting the full seating of the'valve there'is but The operation ofthe mechanism will be understood Without further description but in brief it is as follows: During the portion of the cycle when the valve D is stationary the rod L moves to the position shown in i This lnoveinent' causes the roller 3 to travel over the upper end of the valve stem E Without effecting any actuation of said stein by reason of the clearance R. During the llk' inai'ndor of the cycle the 'rorlcver O is in contact with the member Q this contact iii-st oethrust is further n'iiniinized by reason ol the fact that the fulcrum plane or under face of I the member Q is substantially at right anas indicated at gles to the axis of thereciprocating rod LI and the pivot N which connects said rod with the rocker is located at a point inrelation to the rocker curve having the least lateral deflection. As a consequence the very slight lateral thrust may be taken care of either by the spring of the rod B or by clearance of said rod in its bearings or by a slight slipping of the rocker on the member Q None of these uioven'ients is suiiicient to be in any Way detrimental; The spring of the rod L is facilitated by providing a clearance for said rod in its passage through the head ll Some of the advantages of the construction above described are: r

First-The actuating valve shaft located in the crank case Whereit is always supplied with abundant lubricant.

.Se'conal.The actuating mechanism in This mechanism for interinittei also by the velocity of the reciprocating rod V at the time such terminalpoint is'reached; This avoids noise due to wear 1n the parts or the operating mechanism asitis obvious that there is negligible Wear of the traveling fulcruni and Wear in the bearings and joints up to the pivotal connection between'the rod and the rocker W ll have only negligibleefi'ect on" is capable of a slight vertical adjustn'lent.v

member is also slotted to recelve the upper portion of the roller P and'forins a guide 1 bearing for said roller and lever O holding the same {T0111 lateral displacement.

l/Vhat I claim my nvention is; r

1. In an internal combustion engine, combination with anintcrnnttently operated the valve, of an actuatingmechanism theii'eion comprising); a continuously substantially harinonieally reciprocated rod, a rocker mom I ber pivotally at stem and provided. with a travelling; fulcrum! for said rocher durii M cycle,

2. In an internal confibiistion engine the coinhii tion With a valve-"in the heath of i actuating said valve eou'uprising a crank sh ft driven from the engine crankshaft in a t e to one i'aitio,a

the remainder ot the rod continuously reciprocated by said first mentionedcranls: shaft a rocker member aivotally attached at one end to the upper end above said rocher said'ineniber and said reeler having their adjacent faces so fashioned as to produce a travelling fulcrum enga at a point adjacent to the 7 1 on the vvalve steinand remaining out of contact during another portion of the cycle.

3. lna valve mechanism for lIltQl'IlftlCOlD- bustion engines, the combination with valve wring a portion ofthe cycle initially stem and resilientineans engaging; thesaroe for eifecting theclosingof the valve, of

valve crank shaft driven in a'tivo to one ratio from the engine-crank shaft, a reciprocating rod actuated by said valve crank shaft, a rocker having one end pivotally attached. to said rod and providedat its opposite end with a rollerresting on the upper end of said valve stein, a member loeatedabove said rocker to be out of contact therewith during a portion of the cycle, said rocker havinga cainined upper face for forming a travelling fulcruin en agenlcnt with said upper member during another portion oi the cycle initially engaging therewith at a point adjacent to the hearing on soil l alvc stem.

4. In a valve nicchanisn'i for internal combustion engines, the combination with a valve in the head having an upwardly extending stem and reeilient nieane engaging said stein for eilecting the closing of the valve ot a valve eranl-z shattdriv n in a two to one ratio from the engine crank shaft, a rod positively connected to and continuously rcciprocatcd hy sai d valve crank shaft extending upward parallel to said valve stem, a rocker having one end pivotally attached to said rod and pl'OVlllCd at its opposite end with a roller hearing resting on the upper end of said valve stem, said rocker having a can'nned upper face which inclines downward from adja :ent to the a is oi? the valve stem during the greater poi n of the cycle and inclines upward d tiring the remainder of the cycle and a memher having a substantially horizont: lower lace arranged above and cooperating); there witl to form a travelling); ilulir sin therefor d urine the last inei'itioned portion of the cycle initially engaging at a point adjacent to the hearing on eaid Hl'fill'l.

5. ln a valve l'l'lQCllllllSlYl for internal zomhustion engines, the combination with a valve in the head having an upwardly extending stem and resilient incense: engaging the came for closing the valve, of a valve crank shaft driven in a two to one ie from the engine cranh'. ehafh a rod positively connected to and actuated lay said *alve c'auk shaft ero t lih upward tlicrcitroin a rocker pivotl y ached at one end to said rod a roller at too opposite end oi said rocker resting on the applet end oil? said valve stem, a member arrzu'iged above and cooperating with said roclier to form a travelling 'i'julcruln there during a portion of the cycle initially enga ing at a point adjacent to said stem and means tor adjusting said rocker in relation to mid coope *alhig member to effect the timing of the operation ol the valve.

(5. in a valve incchanisn'l ior iiii'ternal COEH- hustion engines, the combination with a valve in the head having an upwardly extending stem and resilient means engaging th same for closing the valve, of a valve :ranl; shaft driven in a two to one ratio from the engine crank shaft, a rod positively connected to and a :l'uated by said valve crank sha'lit extending lll'JVvlHl thcre'tron'i, a rocker pivotally attached to one end of said rod, a roller at the opposite end of said rocker resting on the upper :nd of said val ve stein a n'ieniiber arranged above and cooperating with said rocker to term a travelling; fnlcrinn therefor during a po "lion oi? the cycle initially engaging at a point adjacent to said stem and independent means to r adjusting said cooperating member therewith.

to alter the clearance during the portion of the cycle where said rocker is out of contact 7. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a valve in the llOllll hav ing on upw: 'dly extending stem and resilient means ciigagiiig the same for cl'lecting the l 1' the valve of a rod arrangg ml. enhirallel to said stein, ineans tor reiproratin tr a I'UtiliOl pirely ly l arn'ionlc inoveinen ally at on t titt'ilCtl at one end :i-iaid rod aliid lrovidcl 'nith roller h :1 I at itaopposite lid for resting on tin u; end or": said valve stem, the upper l'nce c said rocker li3- in r can'nned and .lllfil f dowi ward trim a point adjacent to tlu 9;; ol? tl.

log the i enter port" in of the lijy'tlll a nieml rc rollci dursaranght lower ttac ol: C(Hli ct with alt inn a cainnilal 'tacc portion of the cycle and coast oiling; 'l'uioruin there :tor dur 53; p n V r n ryclc,

f means my tv l and rod to elect the tn J the valve and me e. ed t. El '4 "1. 1no. sale (11 one: .et hie (m a: anon (E We portif 'hc cycle and to nset the action of the n'ieclr EL lo a valve operating me: on] n for internal con'ihustion engines, the coinlnnatioi with a valve in the head havi lv extending stem and aging mid stem to;

tringi meniher nioui "l valve stem am catory rot y cor or c said ii new i and lid-- "I'll valve sort on i during; cation.

9. The combination with a valve in the head internal conihnstimi engine, oi? an actuating valve stem projectingz upward above said head a hearing ineinher mounted on said head above said will": stem and prose; ting a enlist; ntially horizontal lower :leee, a roclcer niemlwr having a roller at one end resting: upon said valve stem with a portion of said. rocker concentric with the axis oil" said roller l t clcarzi; cc from the l :fwcr

providing a sli face of said hearing]; and a cainincd p rtion tor forming a trava slling fulcrum engagement with said lower lace and a rod pivotally attached t0 the opposite end of said rocker acportion ()ff'tllQ cycle.

'tuated' from the engine with acontinuous substantially harmonic reciprocating move- 'ment.

10. In. an internal combustion engine, the combination With a valve in the head, of mechzniisn for intermittently actuating-said valve comprising a or k sh driven from r the engine crankshaft in a two to one ratio, a

11. In an internal combustion engine, the combination 'ivlth an nitermittc valve, of an actuating; mechanism therefor operated combination with an intermittently operating 7 valve of an actuating mechanism therefor comprising a continuously and harmonically I opposite end bearing on the valve stem, a sta- Y comprising a continuously suhstasitially here prevcnting lateral deflection oi s2.v

, coinhinatiim with an interini n'ionically reciprocating rod, a rocker member pivotally attached at one end to rod, a

roller journale d in the opposite end of? said rockerandbearingon the valve s toprovide a travcllin fulcrum t erefor during a portion of the iiycle,.sa d stationary member being recessed to receive the upper portion 01'? said roller and forming a guide for id roller and rocker. 1 i e 12. In an internal combustion engine, the

"en oper valve, of an act ating mechai ii theretor comprising a continuously and si'distantially harmonically reciprocated rod, a rocker men} to: pivotally attached at oneend to said rod and having'its opposite end bearingon the valve stem, astationai'y men'iher cooperating with said rocker out of contact therewith durmg a portion of: the reciprocating cycle and em and c sta-v tionary member cooperating with said root:

provided with a travelling fulcrum for d rocker movable during the remainder of the cycle to and from a point adjacent to the hearing on said valve stem whereby the velocity Off movement is relatively low. 1

13. In en internal combustion engine the period and a closed period, said closed period being of relatively long duration, a lever for operating said valve having one end engagin the stem of the valve means-for applying to the other end of said valve a substantially harmonic movement, a fixed surface adjacent to the 'sai d lever, and an operating rocker surface on one side of said lever for engaging said fixed surface with a travelling contact i n'nn a point closely adjacent to the extended 's 01 the valve stc to a point relatively reic from said axis whereby the harmonic evenient oi": the one end of said rocker is i enslated into a non-harmonic movement of the other end of the rocker and of said pocket valve, 7

1.5; in an internal a cc-operatin fixed surface for engaging said rocker with a travelling; contact from a point 7 closely adjacent to theeXt-ended axis of the valve stem to 5 Point relatively remote from said and so positioned that said lever is out of con act with said surface during a portion oil the liar nonlc cycle, whereby said harll. in an internal combustion engine, the, combination ct a poppet valve having an open combustion engine a poppet valve having open and closed periods inonic movement is translated into an intei mittent non-harn'ionic movement of the valve. in testimony whereof I ailix my" signature.

Johnson P. BRUSH. 

